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Other resources and research in the Internet about Carta Marina
Below is a list of links to ongoing research about Carta Marina.
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Iceland on maps
Following is a short summary of the Cartographic History of Iceland by Haraldur Sigurðsson. The text includes pictures of key maps from each period.
The history of cartography project
The History of Cartography Project is a research, editorial, and publishing venture drawing international attention to the history of maps and mapping. The Project's major work is the multi-volume History of Cartography series. Its inter-disciplinary approach brings together scholars in the arts, sciences, and humanities. By considering previously ignored aspects of cartographic history, the Project encourages a broader view of maps that has significantly influenced other fields of study.
The Northern Lights Route
The Northern Lights Route is part of The Council of Europe Cultural Routes. The Cultural Routes are an invitation to Europeans to wander the paths and explore the places where the unity and diversity of our European identity were forged.
Olaus Magnus Map of Scandinavia at the University of Minnesota Library
An interactive version of a colored copy of Carta Marina.
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Cultural heritage and scientific research in Carta Marina
Each new generation has something of interest to add to the study of Carta Marina.
Below is a list of links of on-going scientific research related to Carta Marina.
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Satellite techniques shed light on ancient Nordic map
Innovations Report from the Forum for Science, Industry and Business. The article is about current research in oceanography conducted by the Plymouth Marine Laboratory in the United Kingdom and the University of Rhode Island in the United States. The swirls of Carta Marina may have been deliberately drawn as an aid navigation.
Ancient Map Captures Ocean Front
An article by the BBC on a report published in the Journal of Oceanography by the team from Plymouth Marine Laboratory and Rhode Island University.
Medieval sea chart was in line with current thinking
According to this article published in the Daily Telegraph, the Carta Marina complete with sea monsters gives an accurate location for dangerous eddies.
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Organizations and institutes in Finland
This is a list of cultural heritage organizations and institutions dedicated to the conservation, dissemination, and development of cultural heritage in Finland.
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Harkko Museum
Harkko Museum is located in the city of Raisio. The museum features the Eero Rantanen art collection and a permanent exhibition of archaeology finds from the excavations in the region.
National Board of Antiquities
"The National Board of Antiquities is responsible for the preservation of Finland's material cultural heritage and environment and for the acquisition and distribution of knowledge about it."
The Finnish National Gallery, Atenemum Art Museum
"The Ateneum Art Museum houses the largest collection of art in Finland, including all the best loved Finnish masterworks. The collection of Finnish art spans the decades from the 1750s to the 1960s. The international collection includes western art from the late 19th century to the 1950s. There is also a separate gallery for prints and drawings. The extent and emphasis of the collections on show vary."
The Finnish Association of Museums
"Established in 1923, the Finnish Museums Association is the central organisation of Finnish museums."
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Organizations and forums
This is a list of important cultural heritage forums involved in digital cultural heritage.
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Archives & Museum Informatics
Archimuse offers a range of conferences, consulting, publishing and training services for cultural heritage professionals.
Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO)
The Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO) is an not-for-profit organization of institutions with collections of art, collaborating to enable educational use of museum multimedia.
Electronic Imaging and the Visual Arts (EVA)
Electronic Imaging and the Visual Arts, EVA bills itself as "The Foremost European Electronic Imaging Events in the Visual Arts' since 1990."
Le Comité international pour la documentation du Conseil international des musées (CIDOC)
CIDOC is the international focus for the documentation interests of museums and related organizations. It has over 750 members in 60 countries.
UNESCO - Memory of the World Programme
UNESCO has launched the Memory of the World Programme to guard against collective amnesia calling upon the preservation of the valuable archive holdings and library collections all over the world ensuring their wide dissemination.
UNESCO - Free Software Portal
The UNESCO Free Software Portal gives access to documents and websites which are references for the Free Software/Open Source Technology movement. It is also a gateway to resources related to Free Software. With the Free Software Portal, UNESCO provides a single interactive access point to pertinent information for users who wish to acquire an understanding of the Free Software movement, to learn why it is important and to apply the concept.
UNESCO - World Heritage Sites
Link to the World Heritage Sites List 2002
UNESCO - Cultural Industries and Enterprises
UNESCO defines cultural industries as consisting of books, magazines, newspapers, music records, film and videos, multimedia products and other new industries that are being created. According to UNESCO, these industries constitute a very important economic resource for a country.
World Federation of Friends of Museums (WFFM)
WFFM represents the Friends of Museums in developing cultural co-operation with international organisations, particularly the International Council of Museums (ICOM) and UNESCO. WFFM provides a Code of Ethics for Friends and Volunteers that can be adopted in full or adapted to the needs of each particular association. WFFM promotes the exchange of information amongst associations of Friends through an annual General Assembly and an International Congress every three years.
AFRICOM
AFRICOM seeks to contribute to the positive development of African societies by encouraging the role of museums as generators of culture and as agents of cultural cohesion.
International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)
ICOMOS is an international non-governmental organization of professionals, dedicated to the conservation of the world's historic monuments and sites.
The International Council of Museums (ICOM)
The International Council for Museums is dedicated to the development of museums and of the museum profession. It operates globally for the preservation of cultural heritage and it is committed to the promotion and facilitation of professional cooperation. Created in 1946, ICOM is a non-governmental organisation maintaining formal relations with UNESCO and having a consultative status with the United Nations' Economic and Social Council.
Heritage Knowledge Net
An online knowledge center for heritage professionals
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Standards
In this section we include links to other electronic forums working in the area of standards and better practices for archives, museums, and other cultural heritage institutions.
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Dublin Core Metadata Editor
This service, from the University of Koln, will retrieve a Web page and automatically generate Dublin Core metadata, either as HTML tags or as RDF/XML, suitable for embedding in the ... section of the page. The generated metadata can be edited using the form provided and converted to various other formats (USMARC, SOIF, IAFA/ROADS, TEI headers, GILS, IMS or RDF) if required. Optional, context sensitive, help is available while editing.
Museum Domain Management Administration
MuseDoma is the sponsoring organization of the .museum top-level domain (TLD). This new TLD gives museums the possibility of registering domain names with a verifiable museum identity, enabling Internet users to recognize this as a sign of authenticity.
Introduction to Metadata: Pathways to Digital Information, by Murtha Baca
A good introduction to the use of metadata in the cultural heritage domain.
DigiCULT
Digital Culture (DigiCULT) is an IST Support Measure (IST-2001-34898) to establish a regular technology watch for cultural and scientific heritage over the period of 30 months (03/2002-08/2004).
DigiCULT draws on the results of the strategic study Technological Landsacpes for Tomorrow's Cultural Economy - DigitCULT", that was initiated by the European Commission, DG Information Society (Unit D2: Cultural Heritage Applications) in 2000 and completed in 2001.
This study covers several areas of interest, (national policies & initiatives, organisational change, exploitation, and ICT) and formulates a series of recommendations. In particular, it provides a roadmap of how cultural heritage technologies will or could develop in the near future (until 2006)
Getty Research Institute Tools
The tools are provideb by the Getty Research Institute an operating program of the J. Paul Getty Trust. They include: Research and Library Catalog, Special Collections Finding Aids, Photo Study Collection Database, Digital Resources, Provenance Index Database, and Vocabulary Databases.
Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative is an open forum engaged in the development of interoperable online metadata standards that support a broad range of purposes and business models. DCMI's activities include consensus-driven working groups, global workshops, conferences, standards liaison, and educational efforts to promote widespread acceptance of metadata standards and practices.
The Dublin Core is a metadata element set intended to facilitate discovery of electronic resources. Originally conceived for author-generated description of Web resources, it has attracted the attention of formal resource description communities such as museums, libraries, government agencies and commercial organizations.
CIMI Consortium
Since its founding in 1990, CIMI (formerly known as the Consortium for the Computer Interchange of Museum Information) has been dedicated to encouraging the use of standards by finding the standard, creating consensus around it, testing it, and disseminating it to the museum community. Our history, then, is mainly a history of projects and their results. You can search this website for information on the CIMI 39.50 application profile.
Minerva, Digitising Content Together
MINERVA is a network of Member States' Ministries to discuss, correlate and harmonise activities carried out in digitisation of cultural and scientific content for creating an agreed European common platform, recommendations and guidelines about digitisation, metadata, long-term accessibility and preservation.
The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model
The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) provides definitions and a formal structure for describing the implicit and explicit concepts and relationships used in cultural heritage documentation.
The CIDOC CRM is intended to promote a shared understanding of cultural heritage information by providing a common and extensible semantic framework that any cultural heritage information can be mapped to. It is intended to be a common language for domain experts and implementers to formulate requirements for information systems and to serve as a guide for good practice of conceptual modelling. In this way, it can provide the "semantic glue" needed to mediate between different sources of cultural heritage information, such as that published by museums, libraries and archives.
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Digital Archives
This section provides links to diverse digital archives.
Links
Raisio Archaeology Archive
The Raisio Archaeology Archive consist mostly of representations of material culture from everyday life in southwestern Finland from the period of the late Iron Age to the Early Middle Ages (900's -1400's). Many of these artifacts are finds from the archaeological excavation of the Ihala Mulli site done by the students from the department of archaeology of the University of Turku, 1994-1996. Artifacts from the same geographical location, and similar time period, which are scattered in repositories in Finland, are also included as support to the excavation materials.
The Early Americas Digital Archive
"The Early Americas Digital Archive (EADA) is a collection of electronic texts and links to texts originally written in or about the Americas from 1492 to approximately 1820. Open to the public for research and teaching purposes, EADA is published and supported by the Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities (MITH) under the general editorship of Professor Ralph Bauer, at the University of Maryland at College Park."
The Perseus Digital Library
"Perseus is an evolving digital library, engineering interactions through time, space, and language. Our primary goal is to bring a wide range of source materials to as large an audience as possible. We anticipate that greater accessibility to the sources for the study of the humanities will strengthen the quality of questions, lead to new avenues of research, and connect more people through the connection of ideas."
PULMANweb
The PULMAN Network of Excellence is now launched under the European Commission’s research programme for a User-Friendly Information Society (DG Information Society). Europe's public libraries and cultural organisations have a vital role to play in the development of an e-Europe. The PULMAN Network will stimulate and promote sharing of policies and practices for the digital era, in public libraries and cultural organisations which operate at local and regional level.
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Humanistic computing
Willard McCarty of the Centre for Humanities Computing at King's College in London has described humanities computing as: "...an academic field concerned with the application of computing tools to arts and humanities data or to their use in the creation of these data." (McCarty, 2002) In the Exploring Carta Marina project, computing methodologies are used to process and generate new genres for analysis and appreciation of historical materials.
Links
Association for History and Computing
An organisation dedicated to the use of computers in historical research.
The Humanist
Humanist is an international electronic seminar on the application of computers to the humanities. Its primary aim is to provide a forum for discussion of intellectual, scholarly, pedagogical, and social issues and for exchange of information among members. Humanist is allied with the Association for Computers and the Humanities and the Association for Literary and Linguistic Computing. It is an affiliated publication of the American Council of Learned Societies and a publication of the Office for Humanities Communication (U.K.).
Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities
The central mission of the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities is to provide scholars in the humanities with the time, the tools, and the techniques to produce lasting contributions to the human record, in electronic form.
Humbul Humanities Hub
The Humbul Humanities Hub is a service of the Resource Discovery Network funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee and the Arts and Humanities Research Board, and is hosted by the University of Oxford.
Bibliography of humanities computing
This bibliography provides a selective list of notable and essential publications in humanities computing organized chiefly according to interdisciplinary methods and tools rather than by discipline. It is designed for the beginner rather than the specialist.
Willard McCarty, Senior Lecturer, King's College London (Willard.McCarty@kcl.ac.uk)
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Self Organizing Maps SOM
SOM is a feed-forward neural network approach that uses an unsupervised training algorithm and through a process called self-organization, configures the output nodes into a topological representation of the original data. SOM is a neural network technique that learns without supervision. In contrast to the supervised neural network techniques, which require that one or more outputs are specified in conjunction with one or more inputs to find patterns or relations between data, SOM organizes similarity clusters that can be seen as classes emerging from statistical correlations.
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Demonstration: Interactive SOM-Training
Simulator for the standard-SOM-training.
Department of Computer Engineering at the University of Tübingen.
Interactive Self-Organizing Map demonstrations (in Java)
On these pages you will find two interactive demonstrations of how the Self-Organizing Map algorithm operates.
Laboratory of Computer and Information Science (CIS), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology.
WEBSOM map - Million documents
WEBSOM is a method for organizing miscellaneous text documents onto meaningful maps for exploration and search.
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